Day 15 Tokyo Olympics postponed impact questionnaire pre-research

Before beginning the questionnaire of Tokyo Olympics postponed impact in China, I learned some materials and analysis last Olympics in Brazil from Dr. Bonnie Tiell and Ying Shi, who was the previous Chinese Grad student participating in the 2016 Rio Olympics. The reference is very helpful because the situation in the Rio Olympics (Zika Virus) was similar to the 2020 Tokyo Olympics (COVID-19). No matter Zika Virus or COVID-19, the negative influence of pandemic always brings fierce changes both on the sports and tourism industries. The Olympics is a strategic driver of tourism, however, threats of terrorism, crime, and/or public health risks associated with the Host City may discourage someone from traveling to a destination considered unsafe or plagued with unsanitary conditions. In addition, intrinsic factors such as availability of individual finances and time or personal health may impact travel intentions. Their study assessed the perceptions of intrinsic (personal) and extrinsic (safety and environmental health) factors discouraging travel to the 2016 Rio Olympics differed based on demographic variables associated with age, gender, and nationality.  The results of 726 surveys including 694 (.957%) completed by participants from the United States of America and China indicated nationality was a statistically significant factor in the degree to which safety, health, and personal concerns discouraged attendance at the 2016 Rio Olympics. Hofstede’s (1980) cultural dimension scale was used to further explore variances in perceptions of factors influencing travel intention based on nationality.